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New Comedy, the Attic Comedy of Menander and his school, which

criticised not persons but manners, like a modern comic opera.

See Comedy, Ancient.

PALESTRA, wrestling school.

Pancratiast, competitor in the pancratium, a combined contest

which comprised boxing and wrestling.

Parmularii, gladiators armed with a small round shield (parma).

Pheidias, the most famous sculptor of antiquity.

Philippus, founder of the Macedonian supremacy, and father of

Alexander the Great.

Phocion, an Athenian general and statesman, a noble and

high-minded man, 4th century B.C.

He was called by Demosthenes, "the pruner of my periods."

He was put to death by the State in 317, on a false suspicion,

and left a message for his son "to bear no grudge against the

Athenians."

Pine, torment.

Plato of Athens, 429-347 B.C. He used the dialectic method

invented by his master Socrates.