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Our second virtue is courage, which we have no difficulty in

finding in another class-that of soldiers. Courage may be defined

as a sort of salvation-the never-failing salvation of the

opinions which law and education have prescribed concerning

dangers. You know the way in which dyers first prepare the white

ground and then lay on the dye of purple or of any other colour.

Colours dyed in this way become fixed, and no soap or lye will

ever wash them out. Now the ground is education, and the laws are

the colours; and if the ground is properly laid, neither the soap

of pleasure nor the lye of pain or fear will ever wash them out.

This power which preserves right opinion about danger I would ask

you to call 'courage,' adding the epithet 'political' or

'civilized' in order to distinguish it from mere animal courage

and from a higher courage which may hereafter be discussed.