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Mickiewicz, Master Thaddeus; or, The Last Foray in Lithuania;

translated by Maude Ashurst Biggs, with notes by the translator

and Edmond S. Naganowski (London, 1885).

Mickiewicz, Oeuvres poetiques completes, trad. Christien

Ostrowski, ed. 4 (Paris, 1859).

Mickiewicz, Herr Thaddaus, ubersetzt von Siegfried Lipiner, ed. 2

(Leipzig, 1898).

It was difficult to draw the line between direct quotation and

mere utilization of material. In particular, the translator's

indebtedness to Jaroszynski is much greater than the quotation

marks here used would indicate.]

INTRODUCTORY NOTE

[The following summary of a few important events in Polish

history, and of some of the leading features of Polish society

and institutions, may be of assistance to readers of Pan Tadeusz.