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An independent manufacturer, who has stock enough both to

purchase materials, and to maintain himself till he can carry his

work to market, should gain both the wages of a journeyman who

works under a master, and the profit which that master makes by

the sale of that journeyman's work. His whole gains, however, are

commonly called profit, and wages are, in this case, too,

confounded with profit.

A gardener who cultivates his own garden with his own hands,

unites in his own person the three different characters, of

landlord, farmer, and labourer. His produce, therefore, should

pay him the rent of the first, the profit of the second, and the

wages of the third. The whole, however, is commonly considered as

the earnings of his labour. Both rent and profit are, in this

case, confounded with wages.